the Gangrene (grech. gangraina), «antonov fire», omertvenie (nekroz) any site of a body or body with characteristic change of its colouring from bluish to brown or black. The gangrene develops at the termination or sharp restriction of receipt to oxygen fabrics; meets usually in places, the most remote from heart (for example, in fingers of finitenesses), or the centres local infringement of blood circulation (for example, in a cardiac muscle or a lung at a heart attack). The gangrene can be called the external and internal reasons. The external concern mechanical (for example, the traumas accompanied razdavlivaniem, smashed fabrics with infringement of an integrity of vessels and nerves, prolezhni), physical (burns, otmorozhenie), action of ionising radiation, chemical (influence on an organism of strong acids and alkalis, arsenic, phosphorus, etc.) . To the internal reasons statuses and the processes leading to infringement of a food of fabrics, mainly defeats of blood vessels - wounds, corking of arterial trunks, narrowing of vessels belong at spasms or anatomic changes, for example at an atherosclerosis which quite often is the reason of heart attacks, thromboses, a senile gangrene. The gangrene can proceed without influence of microbes (asepticheskaja a gangrene) and with their participation (septic, or putrefactive, gangrenes). Distinguish gangrenes dry and damp, and also gas gangrenu.

the Gas gangrene (mionekroz) is classical ranevoj anaerobnoj an infection called gistotoksicheskimi klostridijami.

the Dry gangrene develops at the fast termination of inflow to fabrics of blood and their drying if the putrefactive infection does not get into the become lifeless fabric. It is characterised by drying, smorshchivaniem and consolidation of fabrics (the amazed part decreases in volume) that is connected with curling of fibers of cages and disintegration of uniform elements of blood. The become lifeless site gets dark-brown or black colour. On external similarity of such site to a mummy the process conducting to formation of a dry gangrene, is called as mummification. The termination of inflow of blood is accompanied by a sharp pain in a zone of the broken blood circulation, finiteness turns pale, becomes mramorno-dark blue and cold. Pulse and skin sensitivity disappear, though in glubokolezhashchih fabrics the pain keeps long. From periphery omertvenie extends to the centre. Function of the amazed part of a body is broken. In due course on border of the become lifeless and healthy fabric the jet inflammation (demarcation), conducting to tearing away of the become lifeless site develops. The dry gangrene is localised usually on finitenesses, a tip of a nose and auricles (especially at otmorozhenijah and chemical burns). Penetration into the become lifeless fabrics of a putrefactive infection can call transition of a dry gangrene in the damp. In some months the become lifeless site can independently be torn away. At asepticheskom nekroze internal bodies occurs gradual rassasyvanie the become lifeless site to replacement by its cicatricial fabric or education kisty (a heart muscle, a brain). If reaction next with gangrenoznym a site of healthy fabrics languid, process omertvenija extends and on them. Thus products of putrefactive disintegration that the Damp gangrene can lead heavy intoksikatsii.

get to blood is characterised by serovato-brown colour of the amazed site, puffiness of fabrics and increase in their volume. Fabrics usually turn to the soft weight of is dirty-green colour publishing a putrefactive smell; Further occurs razzhizhenie and disintegration tkanej.